Formation of Quark Matter and Photon Physics

作为欧洲核子研究中心ALICE国际合作项目的一部分，我们开发并构建了一种由精细分割的钨酸铅晶体与APD读数耦合组成的电磁量热计PHOS。我们在LHC加速器的首次p+p和Pb+Pb碰撞中部署了PHOS，并成功地在基于高精度测量的新LHC域中进行了光子物理，这是PHOS独一无二的。我们观察到在大型强子对撞机上核碰撞系统具有高能量密度和强射流猝灭的新特征。它们对夸克物质的性质有了新的认识。

We have developed and constructed an electromagnetic calorimeter PHOS, composed of finely segmented lead-tungstate crystals coupled with APD readout, as a part of the ALICE international collaboration at CERN. We have deployed PHOS in the first p+p and Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC accelerator, and successfully carried out photon physics in the new LHC domain based on high precision measurement, which PHOS uniquely makes possible. We observed new features of the nuclear collision system at LHC including high energy density and strong jet quenching. They shed new light on properties of quark matter.