Evolution of sedimentary basins and accretionary prisms and quantitative analyses of fluid flow

该项目的目的是定量分析盆地的演化过程，作为沉积、流体流动、机械压实和胶结作用之间的相互作用过程，包括沿断裂带流体流动的边缘。在研究期间，首席研究员从京都大学调到广岛大学，因此本财政年度增加了五名新成员，研究主要使用转移到广岛大学的血管内变形和流体流动装置进行。本会计年度的成果有三方面：(1)根据实验室测量的第三纪和第四纪沉积岩输运性质，估算了台湾西北部、新泻盆地、石原平原、北海道北部Horonobe地区和宫崎平原的地下渗透率和孔隙结构。利用实测输运性质分析了台湾西北地区沉积与流体流动的竞争过程，进一步阐明了台湾近10口油气田生产井的异常孔隙压力发展过程，并定量地与实测孔隙假设分布相吻合。(2)断裂带对地下流体流动有显著影响，在实验室测量断裂带岩石输运特性的基础上，确定了野岛断裂带、中构造线和片谷断裂带的渗透率结构，并进行了高速摩擦实验，揭示了地震断层运动过程中摩擦加热的显著弱化过程。(3)在Arima-Takatsuki断裂带、美国犹他州的小大冲刷断层和盐冲刷断层以及印度尼西亚东爪哇的泥喷发地区，人们认识到二氧化碳和甲烷等水溶性气体在促进流体快速流动方面的重要作用，水溶性气体在二氧化碳捕集与封存（CCS）等许多问题上可能发挥着非常重要的作用，这是本研究的未来发展方向。少

The objective of this project has been to analyze basin evolution quantitatively as interacting processes among sedimentation, fluid flow, mechanical compaction and cementation, including the Skirts of fluid flow along fault zones. Head investigator moved from Kyoto University to Hiroshima University in the middle of the research period, so five new members were added from this fiscal year and researches were conducted using mostly an intravessel deformation and fluid-flow apparatus that were moved to Hiroshima University. The outcome from this fiscal year are three-folds: (1) Underground permeability and porosity structures of northwestern Taiwan, Niigata basin, Ashigara Plain, Horonobe area of northern Hokkaido and Miyazaki Plain were estimated based on laboratory measurements of transport properties of Tertiary and Quaternary sedimentary rocks. In particular, competing processes of sedimentation and fluid flow were analyzed in northwestern Taiwan using measured transport properties, … More elucidating the process of abnormal pore pressure developments that agrees quantitatively with measured pore presume distributions in nearly ten production wells in Taiwan gas and oil fields. (2) Fault zones dramatically affects underground fluid flow, and permeability structures of Nojima fault, Median Tectonic Line and Katagai fault were determined basal on laboratory measurements of transport properties of fault rocks Also, high-velocity friction experiments were conducted to reveal dramatic weakening processes due to frictional heating during seismic fault motion. (3) Significant role of water-soluble gases such as carton dioxide and methane in promoting rapid fluid flow was recognized in Arima-Takatsuki fault zone, little Grand Wash fault and Salt Wash fault in Utah, USA and mud eruption site in East Java, Indonesia Water-soluble gas may play very important role in many problems such as carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) and a systematic studies have to be conducted on this as a future development of this study. Less