Evolution of sedimentary basins and accretionary prisms and quantitative analyses of fluid flow

该项目的目标是定量地分析盆地演化，作为沉积、流体流动、机械压实和胶结作用之间的相互作用过程，包括沿断裂带的流体流动的边缘。首席研究员在研究期间从京都大学转移到广岛大学，因此从本财年开始增加了五名新成员，研究主要使用转移到广岛大学的血管内变形和流体流动设备进行。本财政年度的成果有三个方面：(1)根据第三系和第四系沉积岩输运性质的实验室测量，评估了台湾西北部、新泻盆地、阿什加拉平原、北海道北部的Horonobe地区和宫崎平原的地下渗透率和孔洞结构。特别是，在台湾西北部，利用测量的输送特性，分析了沉积和流体流动的竞争过程，…进一步阐明了台湾气田近十口生产井的孔压异常发展过程，与实测孔压假设分布规律定量吻合。(2)断裂带对地下流体流动有明显的影响，根据断层岩石输运性质的室内测量，确定了野岛断裂、中线构造线和片井断裂的渗透率结构，并通过高速摩擦实验揭示了地震断层运动过程中摩擦加热的剧烈减弱过程。(3)在Arma-Takatsuki断裂带、美国犹他州小洗涤断层和盐洗断层以及印度尼西亚东爪哇泥浆喷发点，二氧化碳和甲烷等水溶性气体对流体的快速流动具有显著的促进作用。在二氧化碳捕获和封存(CCS)等许多问题中，水溶性气体可能起到非常重要的作用，需要对其进行系统的研究。较少

The objective of this project has been to analyze basin evolution quantitatively as interacting processes among sedimentation, fluid flow, mechanical compaction and cementation, including the Skirts of fluid flow along fault zones. Head investigator moved from Kyoto University to Hiroshima University in the middle of the research period, so five new members were added from this fiscal year and researches were conducted using mostly an intravessel deformation and fluid-flow apparatus that were moved to Hiroshima University. The outcome from this fiscal year are three-folds: (1) Underground permeability and porosity structures of northwestern Taiwan, Niigata basin, Ashigara Plain, Horonobe area of northern Hokkaido and Miyazaki Plain were estimated based on laboratory measurements of transport properties of Tertiary and Quaternary sedimentary rocks. In particular, competing processes of sedimentation and fluid flow were analyzed in northwestern Taiwan using measured transport properties, … More elucidating the process of abnormal pore pressure developments that agrees quantitatively with measured pore presume distributions in nearly ten production wells in Taiwan gas and oil fields. (2) Fault zones dramatically affects underground fluid flow, and permeability structures of Nojima fault, Median Tectonic Line and Katagai fault were determined basal on laboratory measurements of transport properties of fault rocks Also, high-velocity friction experiments were conducted to reveal dramatic weakening processes due to frictional heating during seismic fault motion. (3) Significant role of water-soluble gases such as carton dioxide and methane in promoting rapid fluid flow was recognized in Arima-Takatsuki fault zone, little Grand Wash fault and Salt Wash fault in Utah, USA and mud eruption site in East Java, Indonesia Water-soluble gas may play very important role in many problems such as carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) and a systematic studies have to be conducted on this as a future development of this study. Less