Basic study for dinical application of a novel biomedical material "Anodized titanium plate

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In this study, we examined the anti-bacterial effect of titanium plates, anodized by several solutions on cariogenic gram positive bacteria Streptococcus mutans. NaC1, Na_2CO_3, MgSO_4, KC1, MgC1_2, CH_3COOK were examined as anodization solution. When using Na_2CO_3, MgSO_4, and CH_3COOK, anti-bacterial effect was not observed, in contrast, NaC1, KC1, and MgC1_2, were figured out that halogen such as Cl was absolutely imperative for the anti-bacterial effect. Anti-bacterial examination against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus sobrinus, Escherichi Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata showed that it is very effective against bacteria both gram positive and gram negative, however, the effect against fungus such as C, albicans, were less effective. No reduction of the anti-bacterial effect of the anodized titanium plate was observed after immersion in sterile water for 2 weeks, however, after immersion in phosphate buffer saline(PBS) or RPMI1640 medium, the anti-bacterial effect was remarkably reduced. These results suggest that the anti-bacterial effect is based on pH. It might be reasonable that something acid containing Cl, such as HClO was released from the surface of anodized titanium plate. These results indicate that this novel titanium plate anodized by NaCl is effective to prevent the attachment of bacteria and effective to attach the host cells such as osteoblast. This disposition might be very effective for implant use as in this case, we do not have to reuse this material. It is possible that the chance of infection by oral and/or general bacteria is effectively reduced with the implant anodized by NaCl.