Development of excretion-solidification methods and establishment of excretion-treatment systems in home care

家庭护理中的排泄物处理以及废物处理的减少和简化是减轻护理接受者和护理提供者的排泄物造成的身心负担、保持清洁卫生生活的重要主题。为了解决这些问题，本研究对家庭护理中排泄物处理系统的建立和排泄物固化方法的发展进行了研究，并对排泄物处理造成的环境污染和护理人员的身心负担的现实情况进行了研究，揭示了排泄物处理造成的衣物污染和感染以及排泄物处理费用。此外，由于使用一次性尿布，被护理者的皮肤问题，例如感觉发痒的皮疹、皮肤剥落和皮肤损伤是最重要的问题。掌握被护理者的排泄模式，正确使用一次性尿布，对于减少排泄物污染应该是最有效的。接下来，为了检查排泄物固化方法，检查了单宁化合物对蛋白质的凝固。石榴单宁、含羞草单宁和黑醋栗单宁具有较高的蛋白质凝固能力。用这些单宁固定的纤维素具有优异的吸附蛋白质的能力。这些结果表明，单宁具有不同的能力，如蛋白质凝固，抗氧化，抗菌，保水和除臭，是有效的用于一次性尿布。而葡萄糖和氨基葡萄糖的低聚物具有较强的抗氧化能力。这些结果在第87届日本化学学会年会（2007年）上进行了报告，并发表在Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry，272（2）251-255（2007年）和World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology，在线出版（2007年）上。

The processing of the excretion-treatment in home care and the reduction and simplification of waste treatments are important subjects for the mitigation of physical and mental loads caused by the excretion both for care receivers and care givers, the maintenance of clean and sanitary life. In this research, to settle these problems, the establishment of excretion-treatment systems in home care and the development of excretion-solidification methods were examined.The research on the realities of the environmental pollution caused by the excretion treatments and the physical and mental loads for care givers revealed the clothes-contamination and infection by excretion-treatment, the expense of excretion treatment. Furthermore, the skin troubles, such as feeling itchy rash, skin-peeling, and skin injury, of care receivers by using disposable diapers are the most important affairs. The grasp of the excretion pattern of care receivers, the proper use of disposable diapers should be most effective for the reduction of excretion pollution.Next, to examine the excretion-solidification methods, the coagulation of proteins by tannin compounds was examined. Persimmon, mimosa and myrobalan tannins have higher abilities to coagulate proteins. Cellulose immobilized with these tannins have an excellent ability to absorb proteins. These results indicated that tannins, having variable abilities, such as protein-coagulation, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, water reserve and smell removing, are effective to use for disposable diapers. On the other hand, oligo-saccharides of glucose and glucosamin indicated higher anti-oxidant abilities. These results were reported at the 87th Annual Meeting of the Chemical Society of Japan (2007), and published on the Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 272 (2) 251-255 (2007), and the World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, on-line publishing (2007).