Comparative genomics of the conditionally dispensable chromosomes controlling plant infection in Alternaria alternata pathogens

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The CD(Conditionally Dispensable) chromosomes of plant pathogenic fungi are essential for the disease-causing capacity on host plants, but not for growth on media. We performed the comparative genomics analysis of CD chromosomes essential for host-specific pathogenicity of three pathogens of Alternaria alternata. The CD chromosomes were found to consist of large syntenic regions among the three chromosomes and pathogen-specific regions determining host-specific pathogenicity. This result suggests that the syntenic regions are the core of the original, dispensable chromosome, and that pathogenicity genes were integrated into the original chromosome.