Theoretical and Empirical Analysis on Road Policy Based on Microeconomics

本研究是基于微观经济学的道路政策综合分析。主要结果如下。第一，从微观经济学角度来看，公路建设专用收入特别账户的理由不充分。公路税收入可以多种方式使用。特别是，投资于公共交通的道路税的收入，在伦敦和斯德哥尔摩实施，可能会增加社会盈余。第二，道路税是调节交通拥堵外部性的必要手段。根据东京的数据进行的模拟表明，道路税的水平是不够的。

This study is a comprehensive analysis of road policies based on microeconomics. The main results are as follows. First, the rationale for the special account for revenues earmarked for road construction is weak from microeconomics. Revenues from road taxes may be used in various ways. Especially, the investment in public transit by the revenues from road taxes, as implemented in London and Stockholm, possibly enhances the social surplus. Second, the road taxes are necessary to adjust the congestion externality. The simulation based on the data on Tokyo suggests that the level of road taxes is insufficient.