Luminescence sensing based on guest-associated assembling events of semiconductor clusters

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A series of water-soluble cadmium sulfide clusters bearing an alkyl-chain layer between the inorganic core and the outer PEG layer were synthesized. The photoluminescence titration experiments in aqueous media revealed that the clusters with a sufficiently hydrophobic inner environment exhibit definite emission enhancements upon the addition of bisphenol A or 4-nonylphenol. A marked preference for lipophilic phenols over related compounds, such as long-chain n-alkanol and non-lipophilic phenols, was observed, suggesting that not only hydrophobic interaction but also attractive force involving the phenolic OH group contribute to the positive responses.