Sports exercise and neural training effects on changes in blinks associated with maintenance of neck flexion

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The present study investigated (1) sports exercise effect on changes in appearance frequency of spontaneous blink with maintenance of neck flexion, (2) changes in saccadic reaction time and the frequency of the blink with neck flexion, after saccadic training with maintaining the neck flexion, and (3) changes in motor related cortical potential associated with spontaneous and voluntary blinks while maintaining the neck flexion. The results were as follows : (1) Decrease of appearance frequency of spontaneous blink during the neck flexion was found for high-speed ball club group, (2) After the saccadic training with maintenance of the neck flexion, the saccadic reaction time decreased during the neck flexion, however, the decrease in frequency of the blink was not found, and (3) The preceding time in motor related cortical potential with voluntary blink decreased during the neck flexion, and furthermore the amplitude in the potential increased.