Characterization of dog allergens and their application to develop a control method for dog allergy

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Human-animal bonds become stronger. Dogs as behalf of pets are tightly associated with human living life. Due to the intimate relationship, human may be sensitized with and exhibit allergic response to dog allergens. To prevent dog allergy and assess the risk of dog allergens, characterization of dog allergens was performed. From the analysis of amino-acid sequence of Can f 1 and Can f 2 (major dog allergens), both allergens revealed the barrel structure and one disulfide bond, which were the charters of popular antigenic proteins. X-ray small angle scattering analysis and circular dichroism photometric method indicated that both allergens were globular and β-sheet-abundant proteins, and showed mono-molecular distribution in water-solutions. Also, both allergens showed the values of molecular weight in solution, which was accordance with those estimated from the amino-acid sequence. Dog albumin (Can f 3) being as one of dog allergens was also examined its allergic cross reactions. The IgE antibody in the serum of dog allergy patients bound to albumin of dog and other animal species. This fact indicates that dog allergens must be recognized as widely distributed risk substances.