Osteoimmunological study in the occurrence of orthodontically root resorption

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The increase of RANKL and IL-17 were greater in the severe root resorption group than in the non-resorption group. Further, IL-17 stimulated RANKL production from human PDL cells in time- and dose dependent manner. Immunoreaction against osteoclastogenesis (RANK, RANKL, c-fms, M-CSF, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-17, IL-17R, CD4) became stronger in osteoblasts, osteoclasts, odontoclasts, and fibroblasts of the periodontal ligament in root resorption area from Day 7 onwards. The IL-17/RANKL system is responsible for transducing the heavy mechanical loading signals into an odontoclastic episode in root resorption.