Development of a balloon-borne instrument for atmospheric carbon dioxide

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To ascertain the global and geophysical flux values of CO_2 and their seasonal and inter-annual variation, detailed CO_2 measurements including vertical distribution are required. Vertical CO_2 distribution in the troposphere, particularly in the planetary boundary layer, is key to estimate the local surface flux of CO_2. However, measurements of the vertical distribution are limited to some specific regions where specially equipped aircrafts are available. We are developing a low-cost, easy-to-operate, all-weather CO_2 sonde flown with a meteorological balloon. Balloon experiments with the CO_2 instruments were performed more than 10 times. The vertical profiles of CO_2 Mixing ratio were obtained with the vertical resolution of 300 m and precision of 1 ppm.