Formation of fine particles from vapor-condensation mechanism in a combustion process and its reduction technique

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Incineration of Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu-loaded model waste with single mode and mixture mode has been carried out in a lab-scale rotary kiln reactor to investigate the condensation distribution of their vapors in a cooling zone. The influences of the gaseous impurities including HCl, SO_2 and H_2O in the N_2/O_2/CO_2 atmosphere have been investigated. A thermodynamic pseudo-equilibrium model was also developed to evaluate the condensation mechanisms of the metallic vapors. Controlling the concentrations of SO_2 and steam in flue gas during solid waste incineration is vital for reducing the toxicity of the waste incineration residues.