Decomposition of persistent organic pollutants in solid phase using metallic calcium under mild conditions

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In our previous researches, it was proved that 99% over of highly efficient degradation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in solid phase was accomplished in 24 h through a simple stirring operation using high workability metallic calcium and Rh/C catalyst in an alcoholic solution under mild conditions in a sealed tube at 25 °C within 0.15~0.5 MPa. This study aims to reveal the reaction mechanism and to improve the efficiency over tenfold. After our many investigations, we found that the leaching of some heavy metals and a change of the crystal lattice, such as hematite in fly ash, in alcoholic solution occur after the treatment, according to estimation using electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), and x-ray diffraction (XRD). We finally achieved 99.9% of degradation efficiency for POPs in solid phase such as fly ash under optimization conditions.