River Transportation and Regional Economy in Advanced Kinki Area in 19th century, particularly around the Kizu River

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In 19th century, the distribution of fertilizer and farm products was prosperous through Kizu River transportation in Minamiyamashiro area. Especially tea, which was produced increasingly from the early modern age, was become to be explosively produced and distributed since the opening of Japan. Tea manufacturers and tea merchants were financed by wealthy farmhouses, which were related each other, or related to financial merchants in Kyoto or Osaka.