Development of non-resistive micro-calorimeters to understand the chemical evolution of the Universe

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Investigation of the chemical evolution of the Universe requires quantitative measurements of heavy elements in the hot plasma, which is the most major population of baryons. We observed our Galaxy, external galaxies, clusters of galaxies, and supercluster structure by present X-ray observatories, and found that the gas around galaxies are type II supernovae origin. In order to improve sensitivities, we developed non-resistive micro-calorimeter array. We firstly measured dielectric characteristics of STO, and made coplanar waveguide for GHz band by superconductive materials. It shows possibility of novel calorimeter array sensor using dielectric thermometers.