Estimation of carbon, water, and heat fluxes in the terrestrial vegetation by remote sensing

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A new method to estimate carbon, water and heat fluxes in the terrestrial ecosystem was developed for a regional scale (several tens to one thousand kilometers) by modifying the terrestrial biosphere model BEAM, and allowed us to estimate the fluxes with 1 km spatial resolution. The permafrost and snow melting processes in the Frigid Zone and various processes in rice fields in the Tropical and Temperate Zones were incorporated the model as well. We also developed a new model to estimate evapotranspiration incorporating the topographic effect. We confirmed that these models fluxes have enough accuracy based upon the comparison with the ground measurement data at the flux observation sites.