Scenario in canopy gap creation and re-closure for reducing wind-damage risks. The linkage of CFD and canopy dynamics

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Our objective is to evaluate the risk of wind damage quantitatively in relation to canopy dynamics caused by various forest managements.1) The evaluation of wind damage risks in individual tree scale : We clarified the effect of soil water condition on root anchorage. We also found the proportion of crown size to diameter at breast height is an effective index of resistance of trees against wind damages.2) The evaluation of the risks in stand scale : We determined Cd (drag coefficient of wind load) of Japanese cypress, and developed the model predicts the unstable wind velocity on the canopy surface through combining with canopy topography and LES method. The large discrepancy between actual observation and classical logarithm law with respect to the vertical wind profiles in strong wind conditions from wind speed observation above the canopy of cypress plantations.3) The evaluation of the risks in landscape scale : We analyzed the topographic factor on generation mechanism of the wind damage through combining the simulation by the meso-scale climate model and numerical wind synopsis technology.