The adaptive evolution of contrasting leaf phenology among Daphne species and its implications on species' current invasive-extinction risks

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The diverse leaf phenology in Daphne (from summer deciduous to winter deciduous to evergreen) allows each species to survive in their respective habitats but the evolution of the contrasting leaf phonologies can be traced to ecophysiological constraints present in their phylogeny. The resulting phenological expression appears to be partly responsible for the invasive success of some evergreen species (D. laureola) and the vulnerability of other winter deciduous species (D. pseudomezereum var.koreana)