Neurobiological mechanisms underlying olfactory bonds

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In this study we demonstrate that (1) cholinergic inputs from the basal forebrain modulate GABAergic transmission from granule cells to mitral cells in the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB), where neural changes underlying pheromonal learning in female mice occur, (2) noradrenaline-induced long-term potentiation (LTP) at mitral to granule cell synapses in the olfactory bulb (OB) underlies aversive olfactory learning in neonatal rats, (3) oxytocin released at parturition facilitates the induction of LTP at mitral to granule cell synapses in the OB, thereby inducing maternal behavior.