Meteorological and ecological investigation of pastoral animal husbandry in Mongolia

为了解蒙古国北方布尔干地区森林草原的畜牧业知识，对该地区进行了气象学、生态学和人类学研究。结果如下：1）通过对山脚下冬令营和盆地底部夏令营的逐时温差观测，发现牧民冬季的营地位于盆地冷湖上方斜坡的热力带上。还从体温环境的角度展示了冬令营所在地的气象条件如何有利于牲畜。2)通过对绵羊和山羊在移动的畜群和固定畜群中体重的比较，发现在移动的畜群中体重增长较大。3)人类学研究表明，研究区位于城市郊区，牧民人口密集，他们倾向于利用他们在郊区的居住位置来最大限度地提高他们的现金收入，这是当今蒙古典型的放牧策略之一。

To investigate the knowledge of pastoral animal husbandry, the meteorological, ecological and anthropological researches were carried out in the forest steppe of Bulgan prefecture in northern Mongolia. Results are as follows : 1) From the observation of the hourly temperature difference of the winter camp at the foot of mountain and the summer camp at the bottom of the basin, it was mentioned that the winter camp of the herders are located at the thermal belt of the slope above the cold lake of the basin during winter. It was also shown how the meteorological condition of the location of winter camp is favorable for livestock from the view of the body temperature environment. 2) By comparing the body weight of sheep and goat in mobile and sedentary herd, it was shown that the weight increase is larger in mobile herd. 3) Anthropological research showed that research region, which was located at suburban area of a city, was densely populated by herders who tended to maximize their cash income by utilizing their living location at suburban area, as one of the typical herding strategies in today's Mongolia.