Snowmelt floods in a permafrost watershed under Climate Change

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In regard to a characteristic of frozen ground, snow and ice in the Siberia, we reviewed previous research. As a result, I had written overview of Siberian snow and ice status for Encyclopedia of snow, ice glaciers of Springer Encyclopedia of Earth Science Series. According to experimental studies in this project, we found that when soil temperature became higher, with even the same soil water content and air permeability tended to become large. Furthermore, using the output of simple assimilation technique and the regional climate model, we are going to analyze the relation between precipitation and snowmelt runoff changes in year by year.