Historical and geographical study on the residential stability and fluid residential groupings among the hunter-gatherer societies

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Membership within a residential group is not stable in hunter-gatherer societies, such as those of the San, Mbuti Pygmy, Hadza, Inuit, Orochon, and Ainu. The study focuses on the Ainu as hunter-gatherers in the Mitsuishi district of Hokkaido, Japan, 1864-1869. The degree of settlement stability time had no correlation with the degree of blood ratio of settlement. There was no tendency that the settlement stability time became longer, the blood ratio of settlement became lower. The household stability time had no correlation with the average blood ratio of settlements that were inhabited by household members. There was no tendency that the household stability time became longer, the blood ratio of settlement became lower. It can be estimated that fluid residential groupings had close kins co-residing function in hunter-gatherer societies. It is recognized that fluid residential groupings had the function of ensuring sustainable blood kin relationships among settlement dwellers. And it can be postulated that sustainable blood kin relationships among settlement dwellers had been occurring with some functions through fluid residential groupings for a long time in the hunter-gatherer societies.