Direct observation of the dynamics of vortices in high temperature superconducting bulks and development of the strong bulk magnet

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To study the dynamics of vortices in high temperature superconducting bulks in the pulsed field, both local vortex densities and temperatures were measured. The vortices intruded into the bulk not only at the edges but also at the surfaces. The distribution of the local critical current density which was estimated from the magnetization loop using the small pieces cut from the bulk was consistent with the inhomogeneous trapped magnetic field profiles. The vortices were trapped at the weak /strong pinning region for the low/high applied magnetic field.