Seed coat anatomy and its evolution of suborder Passiflorineae

利用rbcL、atpB、matK和18S rDNA序列分析了堇菜科和西番莲科植物的系统发育。综合分析得出了一个最简约树，并且两个家族中的大多数节点都得到了强烈的支持。并对堇菜科的种皮结构进行了研究。对三种类型的外稃进行了区分，其中trecheoidal外稃是Passiflorineae亚目中的一种多形花序。

Phylogenetic analyses of Violaceae and Passifloraceae sensu lato are presented using sequences from rbcL, atpB, matK and 18S rDNA. The combined analysis resulted in only one most parsimonious tree, and most of the nodes within the two families are strongly supported. And, Violaceae are investigated with respect to the seed coat structure. The three types of the exotegmen are distinguished, and the trecheoidal exotegmen is a plesiomorphy within the suborder Passiflorineae.