Variation of the passage of the trigeminal nerve in primate skulls

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We investigated the passages of the trigeminal nerve in the primate skulls. Although a few samples showed that the foramen rotundum divided into two formamina, the individual and interspecific variations were not observed the passages in the internal cranial base. In humans foramen ovale existed on the great wing of sphenoid bone. In Japanese macaque the anterior wall of the foramen ovale composed of sphenoid bone, but the posterior wall was comprised of temporal bone, and a passage was existed on the lateral lamella of the pterygoid process. The individual and interspecific variations of the trigeminal nerve passages in the primate skulls were noted in more periphery regions.