Development of Measuring Technique of Embolism Density in Herbaceous Plants Using Hybrid Acoustic Sensing

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Hybrid acoustic measurement system was fabricated to detect simultaneously the guided wave travelling a stem and the acoustic emission due to cavitation. As a result, the travelling velocity and the attenuation of the guided waves through a stem were deeply related to the structure of the vascular tissue and the water potential of the stem. Embolism density (vulnerability of cavitation) could be evaluated by the hybrid acoustic measurement during irrigation with several sensors. Thereby, the hybrid acoustic measurement enhanced the water use efficiency of a miniature tomato.