Analysis and utilization of intestinal microbiota from pigs in an outdoor production system without antibiotics

一些养猪场在不使用预防性和促生长抗生素(PGPA)的情况下，成功地进行了动物生产。它们结合了发酵液体饲料的使用和户外饲养，而不依赖于PGPA。结果表明，室内饲养和室外饲养的猪肠道微生物区系组成和多样性存在显著差异。室外饲养猪的粪便细菌多样性(Chao1)高于对照猪。在室外饲养的猪中，未归类的反刍球菌科占了很大一部分。这组细菌与不明原因的丁酸产生菌和反胃球菌有相似之处。此外，从室外饲养的猪中一直检测到螺旋体。这些结果表明，野外饲养的猪获得了较高的肠道多样性，以响应饲养环境，如地点和饮食。

Some pig farms practice successful animal production without using prophylactic and growth-promoting antibiotics (PGPAs). They combine the use of fermented liquid feed and outdoor rearing without dependence on PGPAs. It was considered that there were significant differences in the composition and diversity of the intestinal microbiota between the pigs reared outdoors and indoors. Faecal bacterial diversity (Chao1) was higher in pigs reared outdoors than in the control pigs. In the pigs reared outdoors, unclassified Ruminococcaceae constituted a large fraction. This group have a similarity to unidentified butyrate producing bacteria and ruminococci. In addition, the Spirochaetes was consistently detected from the pigs reared outdoors. These results indicated that the pigs reared outdoors had obtained a higher intestinal diversity in response to the feeding environments such as location and diet.