Clinical and comparative anatomical studies of the shoulder joint and its surrounding muscles

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With the development of the clinical techniques, it is important to understand the precise anatomical structure of the shoulder joint and surrounding structure. The purpose of this project is to review the structure surrounding the shoulder joint including the rotator cuff more precisely than present textbooks and create the up-dated basis for the clinical application, such as diagnosis and operation. In addition, we added the comparative anatomical observations for further understanding of human structure. From these results of the project, we obtained many new results and most of them will contribute the clinical application shortly. One of the advantages of our project is to utilize the comparative anatomical knowledge and observations to understand the human shoulder structure.