Dynamic analysis of selective microRNA transport and its application to pathological diagnosis

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that play a role in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. miRNAs are also secreted extracellularly via exosomes and can be detected in body fluids including blood; thus they could be promising biomarkers for various diseases. However, the intracellular dynamics, including a pathway prior to extracellular release, of miRNAs is not well understood. In this study, we performed bio-imaging analyses to examine intracellular dynamics of miRNAs and miRNA-associated proteins. Further, we performed the profiling analysis of miRNAs that are extracellularly secreted via exosomes to characterize them.