Suppression of Th17-inflammation in inflammatory bowel diseases by regulatory T cells

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Impaired regulation of immunity in the gut is implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Regulatory T cells (Treg) possess immnoregulatory activity and are a possible tool for the treatment of IBD. Recent studies suggest that T helper (Th) 1 and Th17 responses are augmented in the gut of IBD. Treg are capable of suppressing Th1-mediated colitis. However, it has not been clarified whether Th17-mediated colitis can be suppressed by Treg. In this study, we demonstrated that Treg are capable of suppressing Th17-mediated colonic inflammation as well as Th1-mediated colitis. It is therefore reasonable to consider utilization of Treg for the IBD treatment even if Th17 is involved in its pathogenesis.