Effects of geology on biogeochemical processes in Japanese forests

控制土壤中阳离子交换反应的蛭石是在日本潮湿的气候条件下由热力学不稳定的云母矿物形成的。按母质、沉积岩、酸性岩、基性岩、火山灰的大小排列，蛭石含量较大。高海拔土壤中活性铝、铁含量较高，火山岩土壤中活性铝、铁含量极高。它们有助于有机质的积累，以溶解的方式维持土壤的pH，并控制对磷的吸附能力和强度。

Vermiculite, which controls cation exchangeable reactions in soils, formed from thermodynamically unstable mica minerals under humid climatic conditions in Japan. The amount of vermiculite is large in the following order of parent materials; sedimentary rock (i.e. shall) > acidic rocks > basic rocks, volcanic ash. Active aluminum and iron contents were high in high altitude soils, besides extremely high amounts in volcanic soils. They contributed to organic matter accumulation, maintained soil pH with dissolving, and controlled sorption capacity and intensity of phosphate.