The analysis and control of the AKT-PI3K signaling pathway in the bladder cancer

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We focused on the AKT-PI3K pathway related urinary cytokines which is important to carcinogenesis, progression and metastasis of the bladder cancer.We measured the urinary cytokines using ELISA, and found that mean urinary RANTES level were significantly higher than that of healthy control. Immunohistologically, the expression of CCR5, which is main receptor of RANTES, was found in primary bladder tumors. There was a statistically significant association between increased CCR5 expression in the cytoplasm and tumor stage or tumor grade. The high grade or high stage tumors had significantly higher expression levels of CCR5.Our results suggest that the high level of urine RANTES may be a candidate novel marker of the presence of bladder cancer. Furthermore, the increased CCR5 expression in the cytoplasm of bladder cancer cells may be associated with aggressive type of bladder cancer and be a marker for disease progression.