Study of the mechanism of ozone production and application for enhancement of bactericidal activity in human neutrophils

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) by phagocytosing neutrophils are double-edged swords. They play a pivotal role in innate host defense, while they bring about tissue injury. Activated neutrophils produce ROS via NADPH oxidase activation, such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, and singlet oxygen. It has been recently reported that immunoglobulin has a catalytic activity to produce ozone from singlet oxygen. However, the precise mechanism and the role in host defense remain unclear. In this study, we discovered that 4 amino acids themselves were able to catalyze the production of an oxidant with chemical signature of ozone from singlet oxygen at comparable level of immunoglobulin. We also revealed that ozone production by amino acids contributed to killing of bacteria in human neutrophils.