An experimental study based on direct observations of impact cratering for impact phenomena on primordial bodies in the Solar System

我开发了用激光直接观察的方法来研究目标材料性质和撞击角度对撞击坑挖掘过程的影响。发现早期开挖空腔的增加速率遵循幂律关系，但后期数据偏离幂律关系。我还发现，早期的幂律指数和后期偏离幂律的程度取决于目标材料的性质。此外，椭圆冲击时开挖空腔的形状在早期呈细长状，而在后期则趋于接近圆形。基于麦克斯韦z模型和这些结果，我建立了一个瞬态弹坑生长的比例模型。

I have developed the direct observation method with a laser to study the effects of target material properties and impact angles on the excavation processes of impact cratering. I found that the increase rate of the excavation cavity at early times follows a power-law relation, but the data at later times deviates from the power-law relation. I also found that the power-law exponent at early times and the degree of the deviation from the power-law at later times depend on the target material properties. In addition, the shape of the excavation cavity at olbique impacts is elongated at early times, but the shape at later times approaches to near circular. Based on Maxwell Z-model with these results, I have formulated a scaling model for the transient crater growth.