Optimum formation of nanotribofilm by the self-lubricated ion implanted layer

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The aim of the study is to improve the friction reduction effect and the antiwear performance of tribofilms, formed by lubricating additives, with ion implantations. Phosphorous and sulphur ions were respectively implanted into steel specimens, and then the friction measurement, surface analyses and observations were performed to elucidate the effect of ion implantations on the friction characteristics of steel lubricated by oil. Higher value of the ion doses provided higher concentration of the ions into the specimens, resulting in lower both friction coefficient and wear rate of the specimens. This study demonstrated ion implantations can reduce friction and wear.