Sociological Consideration on the Social Reality of Lepers and theirRefuge in Okinawa Society 1879-1938

本研究主要围绕三个主题展开：第一个主题是对1938年前“国上空院”麻风院建成前冲绳“麻风病人”社会问题的厘清与思考；第二个主题是对“麻风病人”救助（救济）的社会现实；第三个主题是对冲绳社会文化属性的分析。我们的结论如下。关于第一个主题，我们调查了冲绳“麻风病人”的悲惨事实。从1907年开始，虽然在“本都”合法收容了贫困病人，但冲绳一直处于无法无天的状态。关于第二点，我们考察了拯救“麻风病人”的社会行动。1935年，冲绳社会组织“麻风病人传教会”（冲绳MTL）成立。它的社会行动迫使“麻风病人”被驱逐出雅布，因为一些报纸上流传着对麻风病人的误解。第三，我们分析了“国上空园”的建设过程。它的建造要归功于在德岛出生的“麻风病人”青木庆斋（1894-1969）。从同伴关系的角度来看，青木有可能理解冲绳许多患者之间的社会信任和关系。青木在住院期间有各种各样的载体：他有“国英雄”的经历，也有在地方和私人麻风院住院的经历。通过它的职业生涯，再加上在Kinn的麻风小屋的影响，他构思了在冲绳建造“麻风院”。1938年，他为冲绳的“麻风病人”创造了奇迹。

This research focuses on three themes :the first theme is the clarification and consideration on the social problems of “lepers” in Okinawa before 1938 when the leprosarium “Kunigami Airakuen” was constructedthe second is on the social realities of the salvation (relief) for “lepers”the third is on the analyses of socio-cultural properties in Okinawa. Our conclusion is follow. Concerning with the first theme, we investigated miserable facts for “lepers” in Okinawa. Though it was possible to refuge the poor patients lawfully in “Hondo” from 1907, there was the statusof lawless in Okinawa. Concerning with the second, we examined the social action of the salvation for “lepers”. At 1935, social organization ”The Mission to Lepers” in Okinawa (Okinawa MTL) was organized ecumenically. Its social action compelled “lepers”to exclution from Yabu, because of the miss-understanding information was going aroundby some newspapers. Concerning with the third, we analyzed the processes of constructing“Kunigami Airakuen”. Its constructing was owed to Keisai AOKI(1894-1969) who was a “lepers” borned at Tokushima. From a view of peer-relationship, Aoki was possible to make a sense of social trusts and relationships between many patients in Okinawa. Aoki had the various carriers as a inpatient : he had the experiences of “Shikoku-hero”,and of inpatient in prefectural and private leprosarium. Through its careers combined with the impact of lepro-cotage at Kinn,he conceived of the constructing “leprosarium”in Okinawa. He accomplished to work a miracle for Okinawan “lepers” at 1938.