Sociological Consideration on the Social Reality of Lepers and theirRefuge in Okinawa Society 1879-1938

本研究围绕三个主题：第一主题是对1938年麻疯病院“国头爱乐园”建成之前冲绳“麻风病人”社会问题的澄清和思考；第二主题是“麻风病人”救助（救济）的社会现实；第三主题是对冲绳社会文化属性的分析。我们的结论如下。关于第一个主题，我们调查了冲绳“麻风病人”的悲惨事实。虽然自1907年起可以在“本岛”合法地庇护贫困病人，但冲绳仍处于无法无天的状态。关于第二点，我们考察了拯救“麻风病人”的社会行动。 1935年，冲绳普世组织“麻风病人宣教会”（Okinawa MTL）成立。它的社会行动迫使“麻风病人”被排除在雅布之外，因为一些报纸上流传着误解的信息。关于第三点，我们分析了“国头爱乐园”的构建过程。它的建造归功于出生于德岛县的“麻风病人”青木启斋（1894-1969）。从同伴关系的角度，青木能够理解冲绳许多患者之间的社会信任和关系。青木作为住院病人，有着各种各样的携带者：他有“四国英雄”的经历，也有在县立和私立麻风病院住院的经历。通过其职业生涯以及金恩麻风病小屋的影响，他构想了在冲绳建造“麻风病院”。 1938年，他为冲绳“麻风病人”创造了奇迹。

This research focuses on three themes :the first theme is the clarification and consideration on the social problems of “lepers” in Okinawa before 1938 when the leprosarium “Kunigami Airakuen” was constructedthe second is on the social realities of the salvation (relief) for “lepers”the third is on the analyses of socio-cultural properties in Okinawa. Our conclusion is follow. Concerning with the first theme, we investigated miserable facts for “lepers” in Okinawa. Though it was possible to refuge the poor patients lawfully in “Hondo” from 1907, there was the statusof lawless in Okinawa. Concerning with the second, we examined the social action of the salvation for “lepers”. At 1935, social organization ”The Mission to Lepers” in Okinawa (Okinawa MTL) was organized ecumenically. Its social action compelled “lepers”to exclution from Yabu, because of the miss-understanding information was going aroundby some newspapers. Concerning with the third, we analyzed the processes of constructing“Kunigami Airakuen”. Its constructing was owed to Keisai AOKI(1894-1969) who was a “lepers” borned at Tokushima. From a view of peer-relationship, Aoki was possible to make a sense of social trusts and relationships between many patients in Okinawa. Aoki had the various carriers as a inpatient : he had the experiences of “Shikoku-hero”,and of inpatient in prefectural and private leprosarium. Through its careers combined with the impact of lepro-cotage at Kinn,he conceived of the constructing “leprosarium”in Okinawa. He accomplished to work a miracle for Okinawan “lepers” at 1938.