Interaction between Ocean fronts and the Atmosphere in the Kuroshio Extension Region.

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Interaction between ocean fronts and the atmosphere in the Kuroshio Extension region is investigated using high-resolution atmosphere, ocean, and atmosphere-ocean coupled models. It is demonstrated that sharp sea surface temperature gradients help to maintain atmospheric synoptic disturbance activity and climatological mean atmospheric circulation with the latter sustained by collective feedback from the former. Furthermore, a positive feedback is suggested to be operative between the atmospheric response to axial variations of ocean fronts and the atmospheric forcing that induces the oceanic frontal variation in the first place, a feedback that likely helps enhance the atmosphere-ocean coupled variability in the North Pacific.