Mechanisms for switching off of CaM-kinases and their involvement in regulation of the cellular phosphorylation balance

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To clarify intracellular dynamics and physiological significance of CaM-kinase phosphatse(CaMKP/ PPM1F) and its nuclear homolog, CaMKP-N(PPM1E), which had been identified as protein phosphatases involved in negative regulation of multifunctional CaM-kinases, we carried out functional analyses of these enzymes using zebrafish as a model system. These in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that CaMKP plays a pivotal role in embryogenesis of zebrafish, and that processing of CaMKP-N regulates its catalytic activity and subcellular localization.