Mechanism of severity of emerging rickettsial infection, Japanese spotted fever.

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Recently, emerging rickettsial infection, Japanese spotted fever(JSF : Rickettsia japonica infection) is becoming a major rickettsioses in Japan. Many severe patients are reported, however we don' t have an appropriate chemotherapy to recover from the severe state of this infectious disease. In this research we present an effective combined chemotherapy for JSF using tetracyclines and fluoroquinolons simultaneously. Many severe cases showed high concentration of TNF-αin the serum. In vitro assay, the TNF-αproduction was suppressed by tetracyclines, and this phenomenon was accelerated by a part of fluoroquinolons. This combined chemotherapy is a candidate for suitable treatment of JSF.