Identification of differentially expressed microRNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma based on microRNA expression signature

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous short non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by repressing translation or cleaving RNA transcripts in a sequence-specific manner. A growing body of evidence suggests that miRNAs are aberrantly expressed in many human cancers and that they play significant roles in the initiation, development and metastasis of human cancers. Recently, our expression profile revealed that microRNA-1, microRNA-133a and microRNA-375 are frequently downregulated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Ectopic expression of three miRNAs (microRNA-1, microRNA-133a and microRNA-375) inhibited cell growth, migration and invasion of HNSCC cells, suggesting these microRNAs function as tumor suppressors in HNSCC.