Mutation status of epidermal growth factor receptor family gene in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and its drug-sensitivity to small molecule inhibitors.

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We explored mutation status of epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR, family gene using 92 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, HNSCC, samples. 5 mutations of EGFR, L858R, E709K, V765G, G1022S, and ins770G, in 6 samples and 1 mutation of HER2, K716E, in 1 sample have been recognized. Of these mutations, L858R, E709K and ins770G could render the growth of Ba/F3 cells independent of IL-3 by the constitutive autophosphorylation of EGFR. L858R and E709K showed sensitivity to EGFR inhibitors, although ins770G showed relatively resistance to those inhibitors.Only one out of 31 lymph node metastases showed the same EGFR mutation of the primary site, L858R.Also we examined mutation status of down-stream genes of EGFR pathway, K-Ras, B-Raf and PIK3CA. And we found 3 each already known mutations of K-Ras and PIK3CA.