Reconsidering the paradigm of the meritocratic single-track educational system-International Comparative Study on High School Student subculture

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Our empirical research result shows that the student's motivation was stimulated by the structural power, meritocracy and trucking system three decades ago and by intrinsic reward, interest and concern a decade ago. Nowadays students are not stimulated to study but encouraged to adapt to the everyday school life by teacher's care, intensive individualized encouragement while the scholastic ability again is being put more emphasis on pushing aside "pressure-free education" in Japan.Teachers are forced to do so by neo liberalism. Such a tendency may impair traditional educational values including developing creativity and independence. We examined the advantages of introducing the multi-track education system into secondary education instead of strengthening teacher's care.