Working memory capacity as a basis for perspective-taking.

换位思考是站在别人的角度来理解一个情况。视角获取涉及到一个人分配注意力资源的能力，因此，它与工作记忆容量有关。分配注意力资源的能力因人而异。当被要求设身处地为另一个不幸的人着想时，工作记忆差的参与者表现出焦虑和激动。当工作记忆能力差的参与者试图从他人的角度理解情况时，他们能够减少对他人的刻板印象。对于一个工作记忆充足的人来说，有意识地努力避免刻板印象的评价似乎会降低他们的刻板印象评价。

Perspective taking is understanding a situation from the standpoint of others. Perspective taking involves one's ability to distribute attentional resources and thus, it is associated with working memory capacity. The ability to distribute attentional resources differs individually. Participants with a poor working memory presented with anxiety and agitation when they were asked to put themselves in the shoes of another, unfortunate person. Participants with a poor working memory capacity were able to reduce their stereotypical evaluation of others when they attempted to understand the situation from others' viewpoint. For a person with ample working memory, making a conscious effort to avoid stereotypical evaluations appeared to decrease their stereotypical evaluations.