The elucidation of color-tuning mechanism in Human red, green, and blue visual pigments and its application to medicine and engineering

1. 从氨基酸水平理论上阐明了人类红色（HR）、绿色（HG）和蓝色（HB）视色素的调色机制。HR和HG的吸收光谱差异可以用HR中三个羟基残基的方向来解释。2. 研究了细菌视紫红质和黄视紫红质M态的调色机制，并与人眼视色素的调色机制进行了比较。3. 为了分析其机理，提出了新的理论方法。

1. Color-tuning mechanism in Human red (HR), green (HG), and blue (HB) visual pigments was theoretically clarified in amino-acid level. The difference in absorption spectra between HR and HG could be explained in terms of direction of three hydroxyl residues in HR. 2. Mechanisms of color tuning in the M state of bacteriorhodopsin and in xanthorhodopsin were also investigated, which were compared with those in human visual pigments. 3. To analyze the mechanisms, new theoretical methods were developed.