Enhancement of water durability and bio-activity on electrically modified yttria-stabilized zirconia surfaces

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Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) is an important load-bearing bioceramic. However, a phenomenon called LTD, in which a phase destabilization occurs under moisture, reduces the reliability of Y-TZP as long-term implants. Since the exact mechanism of LTD is still unclear, this work was directed to evaluate an influence of surface charges of Y-TZP on LTD. Y-TZP were polarized under DC electrical field to vary surface O^<2-> concentrations, which resulted in a successful preparation of Y-TZP surfaces with stable static charges. LTD durability was significantly influenced by the polarity on the surfaces ; the negatively-charged surface was proved to show a good LTD durability.