Effect of recentg lacier change on microbial community on snow and ice

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This project aimed to evaluate the effect of recent changes of glaciers on microbialcommunity on glacial surface worldwide. Field investigations revealed that the microbial community showed various changes depending on geographical regions. In Himalayas, Tienshan, and Alaskas, the altitudinal patterns of microbial distributionwere shifted upward of glaciers probably due to retreat of terminus and equilibriumline by recent warming. In Patagonia, in the contrast, no significant change wasobserved. In Arctic region, the glacier surface has been revealed to be darken due to increase of organic carbon derived from microbes. The continous changes of glaciersand icesheets due to climate warming is likely to be a big impact on glacial ecosystems.