Examination of neural control mechanism behind voluntary contraction of upper and lower limb muscles by using corticomuscular coherence analysis

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To know how our brain controls our voluntary movements, I have examined the functional corticomuscular coupling by measuring coherence between electroencephalogram (EEG) signals over the sensorimotor cortex and electromyogram (EMG) signals of contralateral limb muscles during tonic isometric voluntary contraction. Obtained results were that : (1) there existed muscle dependency of the magnitude of EEG-EMG coherence ; i.e., the distal lower limb muscles showed largest coherence ; (2) the magnitude of EEG-EMG coherence was smaller in well-trained athletes, such as ballet-dancers and weightlifters, than in untrained subjects ; (3) Modulation patterns of EEG-EMG coherence by increasing contraction levels were different between muscles.