Strategy for the early prevention of sarcopenia and its effects on community-dwelling elderly people

社区老年妇女肌肉减少症患病率为22.1%。肌肉减少组和正常组之间的几个变量的比较表明，肌肉减少组的女性小腿围、骨密度、BMI和肌肉质量明显降低，而且年龄更大。此外，与正常受试者相比，肌肉减少症女性有更高的骨质疏松症、跌倒和骨折发生率。评价运动和补充氨基酸对提高社区老年肌肉减少症妇女肌肉质量和力量的有效性。155名75岁及以上的女性被定义为肌肉减少症，并随机分配到四组中的一组：运动和氨基酸补充（运动+ AAS， n = 38），运动（n = 39），氨基酸补充（AAS, n = 39），或健康教育（HE, n = 39）。运动组每周参加两次60分钟的综合训练计划，AAS组每天两次摄入3克富含亮氨酸的必需氨基酸mi…More混合物，持续3个月。采用生物电阻抗分析法测定体成分。在基线和干预3个月后收集访谈数据和功能健身参数，如肌肉力量和行走能力。在腿部肌肉量（P = .007）、通常步行速度（P = .007）和膝关节伸展力量（P = .017）方面存在显著的组×时间交互作用。组内分析显示，三个干预组的步行速度均显著增加，运动+ AAS组和运动组的腿部肌肉量显著增加，只有运动+ AAS组的膝关节伸展力量显著增加（9.3%,P = 0.010）。运动+ AAS组腿部肌肉质量和膝关节伸展力量改善的优势比是HE组的四倍多（优势比= 4.89,95%可信区间= 1.89-11.27）。数据表明，运动和AAS结合在一起不仅可以有效地增强肌肉力量，还可以有效地增强肌肉质量和步行速度以及肌肉质量和力量的组合变量。少

The prevalence of sarcopenia was 22.1% in community-dwelling elderly women. The comparison of several variables between the sarcopenic and normal group shows that sarcopenic women had significantly lower calf girth, bone mineral density, BMI, and muscle mass, and were older. Additionally, sarcopenic women had a higher history of osteoporosis, falls, and fractures rates compared with normal subjects. To evaluate the effectiveness of exercise and amino acid supplementation in enhancing muscle mass and strength in community-dwelling elderly sarcopenic women. One hundred fifty-five women aged 75 and older were defined as sarcopenic and randomly assigned to one of four groups : exercise and amino acid supplementation (exercise + AAS; n = 38), exercise (n = 39), amino acid supplementation (AAS; n = 39), or health education (HE; n = 39). The exercise group attended a 60-minute comprehensive training program twice a week, and the AAS group ingested 3 g of a leucine-rich essential amino acid mi … More xture twice a day for 3 months. Body composition was determined using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Data from interviews and functional fitness parameters such as muscle strength and walking ability were collected at baseline and after the 3-month intervention. A significant group × time interaction was seen in leg muscle mass (P = .007), usual walking speed (P = .007), and knee extension strength (P = .017). The within-group analysis showed that walking speed significantly increased in all three intervention groups, leg muscle mass in the exercise + AAS and exercise groups, and knee extension strength only in the exercise + AAS group (9.3% increase, P = .010). The odds ratio for leg muscle mass and knee extension strength improvement was more than four times as great in the exercise + AAS group (odds ratio = 4.89, 95% confidence interval = 1.89-11.27) as in the HE group. The data suggest that exercise and AAS together may be effective in enhancing not only muscle strength, but also combined variables of muscle mass and walking speed and of muscle mass and strength in sarcopenic women. Less