Microscopic theory of spin transport phenomena

自旋流是自旋电子学的一个关键概念。到目前为止，人们已经知道了几种产生自旋电流的方法，包括由磁化动力学诱导的自旋泵浦效应。对于自旋流的探测，逆自旋霍尔效应已被广泛应用。我们基于微观理论研究了这些效应，并讨论了自旋-电荷转换机制。我们发现在自旋泵浦+逆自旋霍尔系统中存在一种新的单极子。单极子是一种自旋阻尼单极子，它通过安培定律感应电流，在将自旋输运转化为电荷输运的过程中起着至关重要的作用。

Spin current is a key concept of spintronics. So far, several methods has been known to generate spin current, including the spin pumping effect induced by magnetization dynamics. For detection of spin current, the inverse spin Hall effect has been widely used. We have studied these effects based on a microscopic theory, and discuss the spin-charge conversion mechanism. We have found that there is a novel monopole in the spin pumping + inverse spin Hall systems. The monopole, a spin damping monopole, induces the electric current via the Ampere's law and plays an essential role in converting spin transport to charge transport.