Study of tunable structural colors in fish

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In nature, many examples including jewel beetle and Morpho butterfly exhibit brilliant colors called structural colors. The wavelength of reflected light is mainly determined by the spatial period of microstructure. Thus, the structural color of, for example, the butterfly wing cannot be actively varied, whose microstructure is containedinside dried wing scales. However, some species of fish have tunable structural colors, since their color-causing microstructures are motile. In this study, we study mainly the structural color of a small tropical fish, neon tetra, which is a representative species having such tunable characteristic.